              _    _  ____  _   _    _ ____
 |||   Atari | |  / |/ ___\| | | |  / |  _ \    Frequently Asked Questions
 |||         | | /  | |  __| | | | /  | |_| |
/ | \     /| | |/ / | | |_ | | | |/ / |  _ <
         | |_| / _  | |__| | |_| / _  | | \\\
          \___/_/ |_|\____/ \___/_/ |_|_|  \\\
                                            \\\
  Created by Robert Jung (rjung@netcom.com), because no one else wanted to.
      Dedicated to ASTEROIDS, for getting me hooked in the first place

Last update: 10/29/1994

==============================================================================

This file is not maintained by, overseen by, endorsed, or otherwise associated
with Atari Corp. or any of its subsidiaries.  It's just a collection of
questions and answers, with a few news tidbits thrown in.

This file is posted on a monthly basis, usually around the first of the month.
It is maintained by Robert Jung at rjung@netcom.com on the Internet.  Send
corrections, news, updates, comments, questions, or other stuff to that
address.  All mail is welcome!

Updates since the last publicly posted FAQ have a vertical bar in the first
column.

==============================================================================

Q. What is the Atari Jaguar?

A. The world's first 64-bit home console video game system.  Developed after
   three years of research, manufactured by IBM, the Jaguar offers high-speed
   action, spectacular graphic effects, and CD-quality sound for $250.

==============================================================================

Q. How does IBM fit into this?

A. IBM has a $500 million contract with Atari Corp. to assemble, test,
   package, and distribute Jaguar units.  Manufacturing is done at IBM's
   Charlotte, NC facility, and the Jaguar is IBM's first attempt at producing
   a consumer grade product for an outside vendor.  Specifically, Jaguar
   circuit boards are manufactured and assembled by an IBM subcontractor;
   IBM cases, tests, and packages final Jaguar units; units are then sent to
   Atari for distribution.

   IBM has no known participation in the design of the Jaguar.  IBM has no
   plans to create games for the Jaguar.

==============================================================================

Q. Okay, who did design the Jaguar?

A. Details are murky.  Atari claims that the Jaguar took over three years to
   develop, and was released because work was progressing faster than
   expected.  Seeing an opportunity to leapfrog the new systems from Nintendo
   and Sega, they decided to bring the machine to light.

   The Jaguar chipset is reportedly co-developed by Flare, a British company
   with ties to Atari, according to Jez San of Argonaut Software.  The
   proprietary chips are manufactured by Toshiba and Motorola.

==============================================================================

Q. What are the specifications of the Jaguar?

A. Physical dimensions:

       Size: 9.5" x 10" x 2.5"
   Controls: Power on/off
    Display: Resolution up to 800 x 576 pixels (1300+ with additional
               hardware)
             24-bit "True Color" display with 16,777,216 colors
               simultaneously
             Multiple-resolution, multiple-color depth objects (monochrome,
               2-bit, 4-bit, 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit) can be used
               simultaneously
      Ports: Cartridge slot/expansion port (32 bits)
             RF video output
             Video edge connector (video/audio output)
               (supports NTSC and PAL; provides S-Video, Composite, RGB
               outputs, accessible by optional add-on connector)
             Two controller ports
             Digital Signal Processor port (includes high-speed synchronous
               serial input/output)
Controllers: Eight-directional joypad
             Size 6.25" x 5" x 1.6", cord 7 feet
             Three fire buttons (A, B, C)
             Pause and Option buttons
             12-key keypad (accepts game-specific overlays)

  The Jaguar has five processors, which are contained in three chips.  Two of
  the chips are proprietary designs, nicknamed "Tom" and "Jerry".  The third
  chip is a standard Motorola 68000 used as a coprocessor.  Tom and Jerry are
  built using an 0.5 micron silicon process.

  - "Tom"
    - 750,000 transistors, 208 pins
    - Graphics Processing Unit (processor #1)
      - 32-bit RISC architecture (32/64 processor)
        - 64 registers of 32 bits wide
        - Has access to all 64 bits of the system bus
        - Can read 64 bits of data in one instruction
      - Rated at 26.591 MIPS (million instructions per second)
      - Runs at 26.591 MHz
      - 4K bytes of zero wait-state internal SRAM
      - Performs a wide range of high-speed graphic effects
      - Programmable
    - Object processor (processor #2)
      - 64-bit RISC architecture
      - Programmable processor that can act as a variety of different video
        architectures, such as a sprite engine, a pixel-mapped display, a
        character-mapped system, and others.
    - Blitter (processor #3)
      - 64 bits
      - Performs high-speed logical operations
      - Hardware support for Z-buffering and Gouraud shading
    - DRAM memory controller
      - 64 bits
      - Accesses the DRAM directly

  - "Jerry"
    - 600,000 transistors, 144 pins
    - Digital Signal Processor (processor #4)
      - 32 bits (32-bit registers)
      - Rated at 26.6 MIPS (million instructions per second)
      - Runs at 26.6 MHz
      - Same RISC core as the Graphics Processing Unit
        - Not limited to sound generation
      - 8K bytes of zero wait-state internal SRAM
      - CD-quality sound (16-bit stereo)
        - Number of sound channels limited by software
        - Two DACs (stereo) convert digital data to analog sound signals
      - Full stereo capabilities
      - Wavetable synthesis, FM synthesis, FM Sample synthesis, and AM
        synthesis
    - A clock control block, incorporating timers, and a UART
    - Joystick control

  - Motorola 68000 (processor #5)
    - Runs at 13.295MHz
    - General purpose control processor

   Communication is performed with a high speed 64-bit data bus, rated at
   106.364 megabytes/second.  The 68000 is only able to access 16 bits of this
   bus at a time.

   The Jaguar contains two megabytes (16 megabits) of fast page-mode DRAM,
   in four chips with 512 K each.  Game cartridges can support up to six 
|  megabytes (48 megabits) of information, and can contain an EEPROM 
|  (electrically erasable/programmable read-only memory) chip to save game
|  information and settings.  The Jaguar uses 24-bit addressing, and is 
   reportedly capable of accessing data as follows:

           Six megabytes cartridge ROM
           Eight megabytes DRAM
           Two megabytes miscellaneous/expansion

   All of the processors can access the main DRAM memory area directly.  The
   Digital Signal Processor and the Graphics Processor can execute code out of
   either their internal caches, or out of main memory.  The only limitations
   are that (1) they cannot perform "jump" instructions in main memory, and
|  (2) running out of the cache is much faster and efficient.  Some believe 
|  that the inability to jump/branch in main memory makes the main memory 
|  feature useless.

   Swapping data between the caches and the main memory is a quick, low 
   overhead operation, and therefore the main memory is often used as "swap 
|  space" for cache code.  The RISC compiler now included in the Jaguar 
|  developer's kit produces code that transparently swaps code through the 
|  cache.  This effectively lets developers write RISC code without concern 
|  for the cache size limits.

   Compressed cartridge data can be uncompressed in real-time, and ratios of
   up to 14:1 have been cited.  In theory, a Jaguar cartridge can store up to
   84 megabytes (672 megabits) of data, though actual results will vary widely.
   Compression is performed with JagPEG, an enhanced JPEG image decompression
   mechanism.

   Other Jaguar features:
   - Support for ComLynx I/O for communications with the Atari Lynx hand-held
       game system and networked multiconsole games (on DSP port, accessible
       by optional add-on connector).  Networking of up to 32 Jaguar units 
       available.
   - The two controller ports can be expanded to support "dozens" of
     controllers
     - Digital and analog interfaces
     - Keyboards, mice, and light guns are possible
   - Expansion port allows connection to cable TV and other networks
   - Digital Signal Processor port allows connection to modems and digital
     audio peripherals (such as DAT players)
   - One megabyte per second serial interface
   - 9600 baud, RS-232 serial port (accessible with optional interface)
   - General-purpose I/O bits via the cartridge port
   - Can accomodate future expansions of different processor types, I/O types,
       video types, and memory types and/or quantities.

==============================================================================
 
Q. Is the Jaguar really a 64-bit system?
 
A. The question is hard to resolve, largely because the definition of what
   constitutes an "N-bit" system has not been set.  Of the five processors in
   the Jaguar, only the object processor and the blitter are "true" 64-bit
   components.  Because the blitter and the object processor are in the Tom
   chip, by extension Tom is a 64-bit chip.  The Jaguar also uses a 64-bit
   memory architecture, according to Jez San of Argonaut Software.
 
   Some say the Jaguar should be considered a 32-bit system, as that is the
   maximum register size in the programmable processors (the 68000, the
   graphics processor, and the DMA sound processor).  Others say the Jaguar
   can be considered a 64-bit system, because 64-bit components are used, and
   the GPU can access 64 bits of data if required.  Again, the lack of an
   agreed-upon definition serves to complicate the issue.
 
   For the record, the opinion of most third party developers and observers
   is that the Jaguar is indeed a 64-bit system.
 
==============================================================================

Q. How can a graphics processor be the CPU?

A. The 64-bit custom graphics chip is a good general purpose RISC unit, but it
   has been optimized for graphics work.  Developers are free to specify which
   processor(s) to use in a program, as desired.

==============================================================================

Q. What kind of special effects can the Jaguar do?

A. The Jaguar is capable of doing the following visual effects:

   - High-speed scrolling (Object Processor).
   - Texture mapping on two- and three-dimensional objects (GPU and Blitter).
   - Morphing one object into another object (GPU).
   - Scaling, rotation, distortion, and skewing of sprites and images
       (Object Processor).
   - Lighting and shading from single and multiple light sources (GPU and
       Blitter).
   - Transparency (Object Processor).
   - "Rendering" up to 850 million one-bit pixels/second (35 million 24-bit
       pixels/second, 26 million 32-bit pixels/second), or 50 million Goroud
       shaded pixels/second.  "Rendering" is believed to mean transferring a
       pixel from a frame buffer to the screen.
   - Sprites of "unlimited" size and quantity.  Realistically, sprites can be
       over 1,000 pixels wide/tall, and the number of sprites allowed is
       limited by processor cycles instead of a fixed value in hardware
       (Object processor).
   - Programmable screen resolutions, from 160 to 800 pixels per line.  The
       resolution can be increased even further with additional hardware up to
       a reported 1350 pixels per line.

   One of the Jaguar modes is called "CRY mode", which supports lighting and
   effects in 3D graphics.  Red, green, and blue color elements are ranged
   from 0 to 255, and the lighting level for any pixel can be changed by
   setting one byte linearly.  E.g., the relative proportions of red, blue, 
   and green are indicated with one byte, while a second byte selects an 
   overall intensity of 0 to 255.  CRY allows much smoother shading of single 
   colors, but doesn't allow blending between colors as smoothly.

   Actual graphics performance is hard to measure, as there are no industry-
   standard benchmarks.  Rebellion Software has claimed that the Jaguar can
   render "10,000 Gourard shaded, large, 65536 color, any shape polygons per 
   second," while still performing other tasks.  Presumably this level can
   be increased further with optimized programming.

==============================================================================

Q. How come the Jaguar claims to have "32-bit" graphics, when 16 million
   colors only need 24 bits for rendering?

A. The additional 8-bits is for programmers to implement whatever visual
   effects may be desired.  Examples cited include Z-buffering (for polygon
   graphics) and an alpha channel (for transparency).

==============================================================================

Q. What's the information on the CD-ROM drive?

A. A double-speed CD-ROM drive has been announced for release in 1994, with an
   estimated price of $200.  It is reported that the CD-ROM drive is capable
   of sustained data transfer at 352.8K per second, or run at normal audio
   rates of 175K per second.  Access time is reportedly 210 milliseconds.  The
   CD-ROM drive features a modified data bus interface for access to the Tom
   and Jerry chips almost directly; this allows for a higher throughput rate
   on the sound and graphics.  Storage on a disc is approximately 790
   megabytes (6,320 megabits).  The CD-ROM drive plugs into the Jaguar's
   cartridge slot on top of the machine, and offers a cartridge slot to
   permit playing cartridge or CD games; the cartridge port is accessible
   while using the CD-ROM drive.  CD game information can be saved to an
   optional memory cartridge.

   The Jaguar CD-ROM drive allows delivery of full-screen, full-motion video.
   The CinePak video decompression system has been licensed from SuperMac
   Technologies.  It is a 7K routine in the GPU, and can easily be included
   in any CD-ROM software that wants/needs it.  It allows full-screen video
   playback at 24 frames per second.  Movie quality pictures can then be 
   overlaid on the screen with computer generated graphics if the game 
   demands it.  Time-Warner has licensed a library of film clips from its
   movies to Atari for use in Jaguar games.

   The Jaguar CD-ROM is also designed to interface with audio CD, Karaoke CD,
   and CD+Graphics.  Kodak PhotoCD is an optional feature, and is expected to
   be available as a supplimental cartridge.  The system will not be 3DO
   compatible, but CD-i compatability is being negotiated.  An optional MPEG-1
   (Motion Picture Experts Group) compression cartridge will also be 
   available, to allow users to play full length motion pictures from CD.  It 
   will reportedly include extra RAM for buffering, and support the whitebook 
   video format.  Suggested retail price is $150.

   The Jaguar CD-ROM will have the "Virtual Light Machine" built in.  This
   program will play audio CDs and generate accompanying "psychedelic" color
   and visual effects on the television/monitor.  The player/user can use the
   joypads to modify the patterns.

   The latest release date for the CD-ROM drive is October/November 1994.
   It is being manufactured by Philips in the United States.

==============================================================================

Q. What's this "Panther" I hear about?

A. Quick history lesson: Sometime in the late 1980s, Atari Corp. was doing
   research and development on "next generation" video game consoles.  There
   were two systems, a 32-bit machine called the Panther, and a 64-bit machine
   called the Jaguar.  It is reported that work on the Jaguar was progressing
   better/faster than expected, so Atari abandoned the Panther to focus their
   energies on the Jaguar instead.

   Reports of development work on the Panther have been whispered since 1988;
   some people have erroneously mistaken those rumors to be about the Jaguar.

   The Panther reportedly was considered a "32-bit" machine by Atari, though
   for reasons unknown.  It featured three chips, consisting of a Motorola
   68000 running at 16Mhz, an object processor called the Panther, and an
   Ensoniq sound processor called Otis, featuring 32 sound channels.  The
   Panther could supposedly display 8,192 colors from a palette of 262,144
   colors, and could display 65,535 sprites of any size simultaneously.

==============================================================================

Q. What do I get when I buy a Jaguar?
 
A. The Jaguar package has a suggested retail price of $250, and contains the
   Jaguar itself, one controller, an AC adapter, and the game CYBERMORPH.
   There are rumors that a lower-priced package will be made available,
   without the free game, but that information has not yet been confirmed.

==============================================================================
 
Q. Is there a difference in Jaguar games/units sold in different countries?
   Do I need to keep track of PAL and NTSC versions of a game?

A. There is no difference in the Jaguar game software.  A properly-written
   Jaguar game detects PAL or NTSC at startup and changes the playfield size
   and game speeds accordingly.  A properly-written Jaguar game will run at
   the same speed on either machine.
 
   The Jaguar consoles themselves are configured differently, according to the
   country they are sold in.  The primary differences are in the video output
   format (NTSC or PAL) and the power adapters (110 volt or 220 volt).  For 
   example, to use an American-market Jaguar in Europe, you need a 220 
|  volt-to-110 volt adapter (readily available) and a SCART television set to
|  accept the Jaguar's RGB signals.  Some European TV sets may also require
   changing the Jaguar display from a 60Hz frame rate to 50Hz.
   
   The 50Hz/60Hz frame rate is set by soldering pads on the bottom of the 
   Jaguar PCB.  On an NTSC Jaguar, they're located on the bottom of the PCB
   near the controller ports.  The set labelled "R140" determines between
   50Hz and 60Hz.  Connect the two points for 50Hz, or leave them
   disconnected for 60Hz, as follows:
 
             60Hz          50Hz
              o-o   R135    o-o
              o o   R136    o o   (Information courtesy of Martin Zimmer,
              o o   R137    o o    marz@haari.mayn.sub.de)
              o o   R140    o-o

|  PAL Jaguars sold in Europe have the R140 pads connected with a zero ohm
   SMD resistor, which can be removed with a soldering iron.  It is possible 
   to wire a switch to the points, allowing the Jaguar to be toggled between
|  50Hz/60Hz.  This is mainly useful for PAL Jaguars to play games at the
|  original speed and screen resolution of the NTSC version.

==============================================================================
 
Q. Hey!  My Jaguar makes a quiet hissing sound!  What's going on?  Is it
   dangerous?
 
A. Atari has cited several reasons for the hissing noise.  Some have said that 
   the sound is from the RF generator.  The RF shield has holes in it 
   (ostensibly to help air flow and keep the unit cool), and it is believed 
   that the holes produce the noise.
 
   Others say the sounds are produced by coil L29 which is responsible for the 
   proper voltage regulation to +10.0V, together with U38.  The coil's copper 
   wire vibrates when the current through it changes abruptly, making the hiss.
   There are two solutions: 1) Use plastic spray or silicone rubber glue to 
   fix the coil's wire. 2) Replace the original Jaguar power-supply with a 
   variable power-source, using 7.5V DC instead of 9V DC (it is not certain 
   whether the Jaguar CD will require 9V DC, which would make this "fix" 
   unworkable with the CD drive).
 
   In any case, the "hissing" noise is not dangerous, but merely annoying.  It 
   is usually audible only if you put your ear next to the unit and listen 
   closely, and is not interference in the audio output.
 
   Later Jaguars supposedly do not have this problem.

==============================================================================
 
Q. My Jaguar comes up with a red screen instead of a game!  Is it broken?
 
A. Most often, the "red screen" problem appears after the Jaguar logo has
   disappeared off the TV screen, and is caused by one of the following:
 
   1. Poor contact between the Jaguar and the cartridge (most likely).  Make 
   sure that the cartridge is firmly seated in the cartridge slot, and that 
   contacts are not dirty/dusty.
 
   2. Bent pins in the cartridge slot (rare).  This may be caused by rough 
   edges on some cartridges.  The pins should be carefully straightened.
 
   3. Defective cartridge (rare).  If the red screen only appears with one
   cartridge but not others, the game may be defective.  Exchange it for 
   another.
 
   If the Jaguar logo appears without problems, then the Jaguar is probably 
   working fine, and it's only the data transfer between the unit and the 
   cartridge that's causing the problem.
 
==============================================================================
 
Q. I want something better than RF output from my Jaguar.  What do I do?
 
A. Atari has an S-Video cable and a Composite video cable available for use
   with the Jaguar.  Either cable costs $19.95.

   If you are willing to build your own, the schematics for the expansion port
   are as follows:

             Pinouts for Jaguar Video Cable
        (view is looking at the rear of the Jaguar)
      01A 02A 03A 04A 05A 06A 07A 08A 09A 10A 11A 12A
      --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
      --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
      01B 02B 03B 04B 05B 06B 07B 08B 09B 10B 11B 12B
 
      01A - Left Audio           01B - Right Audio
      02A - Audio Ground         02B - Audio Ground
      04A - Chroma Ground        04B - Red
      05A - Blue                 05B - Composite Sync
      06A - Horizontal Sync
      07A - Green                07B - Luma Ground
      08A - Chroma               08B - Luma
                                 10B - Video Ground
      11A - +10V power supply    11B - Composite Video


               S-Video Cable
      ##\                           /---(##- P2 RCA Male (Red)
      ###                          /
   P1 ###>>--(Shielded cable)-----<-----(##- P3 RCA Male (White)
      ###                          \                           ___
      ##/                           \---<##  P4 4 pin SVHS   3/. .\4
   Jaguar                                       Mini-DIN    1< . . >2
                                                Plug Male     \_=_/ (front)
   Conn    Pin       Signal     Conn  Pin
  +----+--------+--------------+----+-----+
    P2   Center   Right Audio    P1  01B
    P2   Shell    Audio Ground   P1  02B
    P3   Center   Left Audio     P1  01A
    P3   Shell    Audio Ground   P1  02A
    P4      1     Luma Ground    P1  07B  
    P4      3     Luma           P1  08B  
    P4      4     Chroma         P1  08A  
    P4      2     Chroma Ground  P1  04A  
    P4    Shell   Not Connected  P1  N/A  
 
 
               Composite Video Cable
      ##\                           /---(##- P2 RCA Male (Red)
      ###                          /
   P1 ###>>--(Shielded cable)-----<-----(##- P3 RCA Male (White)
      ###                          \
      ##/                           \---(##- P4 RCA Male (Yellow)
   Jaguar
 
   Conn    Pin       Signal     Conn  Pin
  +----+--------+--------------+----+-----+
    P2   Center   Right Audio    P1  01B
    P2   Shell    Audio Ground   P1  02B
    P3   Center   Left Audio     P1  01A
    P3   Shell    Audio Ground   P1  02A
    P4   Center   Comp Video     P1  11B
    P4   Shell    Video Ground   P1  10B


|  For Jaguar owners who wish to use SCART, a Jaguar-to-SCART RGB cable can 
|  be made as follows: 
|
|  SCART socket:
|      20  18  16  14  12  10   8   6   4   2
|  +--------------------------------------------+
|  \   --  --  --  --  --  --  --  --  --  --   I
|   \                                           I
|    I   --  --  --  --  --  --  --  --  --  -- I
|    +------------------------------------------+
|        19  17  15  13  11   9   7   5   3   1
|
|  RGB connection using an 8-pin shielded cable:
|
|   SCART     Signal      Jaguar A/V port
|  +-----+---------------+---------------+
|      6    Left Audio         1A
|      2    Right Audio        1B
|      4    Audio Ground       2A
|     15    Red                4B
|      7    Blue               5A
|     11    Green              7A
|     16    H-Sync (Blank)     6A
|     20    Composite Sync     5B
|     17    Video Ground      10B  (connected by cable shield)

==============================================================================

Q. How does the ComLynx port on the Jaguar work? Can I connect my Lynx to it?

A. The Jaguar does not have a ComLynx port per se, but has a ComLynx signal
   on the system bus.  An expansion port add-on would make the port
   available, and developers have announced plans for such accessories (see
   below).  It is possible to daisy-chain multiple Jaguars for multiplayer
   games into a "Jaguar network".  In theory, it'd also be possible to connect
   Jaguars and Lynxes, though no plans for cross-system software are in the
   works currently.
 
   There is also talk that the Jaguar's ComLynx signal can allow Lynxes to be
   used as peripherals: software can be developed to allow Lynxes to be part
   of a Jaguar game as "smart" controllers.

==============================================================================
 
Q. Who are the third-party publishers/developers for the Jaguar?
 
A. The following companies have been announced as official developers, 
   licensees, or publishers for the Jaguar:
 
     Attention to Detail (ATD)                       Imagitech Design
     Llamasoft                Rebellion              Handmade Software
     Anco Software Ltd.       Maxis Software         Telegames
     Beyond Games Inc.        Microids               Tiertex Ltd.
     Dimension Technologies   Midnite Software Inc.  Titus Eurosoft
     Ocean Software Ltd.      Tradewest              High Voltage Software
     Rebellion Software       Trimark Interactive    Krisalis Software Ltd.
     Virtual Experience       U.S. Gold Ltd.         Loriciel U.S.A.
     Silmarils                Millenium              Park Place Productions
     Ubi Soft                 Gremlin Software       Microprose/S. Holobyte
     Accolade                 Virgin                 Interplay
     21st Century Software    Activision             Id Software
     Twilight                 Brainstorm             3D Games
     All Systems Go           Argonaut Software      Euro-Soft
     ICD Incorporated         Photosurrealism        DTMC
     Epic Megagames           V-Reel Productions     Sunsoft
     Domark Group Ltd.        Elite                  Br0derbund
     WMS Industries (Bally/Williams)                 Rage Software
     Readysoft                Spacetec               Visual Concepts
     Bullfrog Productions     Imagineer              Jaleco
     Sculptured Software      Williams Brothers      Accent Media Productions
     Anthill Industries       Audio/Visual Magic     Bethesda Softworks
     Black Scorpion Software  Visual Sciences Ltd.   Steinberg Soft-und Hardware
     Borta & Associates       Clearwater Software    Computer Music Consulting
     Cybervision              CyberWare              Delta Music Systems Inc.
     Pixel Satori             Elite                  E-On
     EZ Score Software Inc.   GameTek Inc.           Genus Microprogramming
     H2O Design Corp.         HiSoft                 Limelight Media Inc.
     Manley & Associates      NMS Software Ltd.      PIXIS Interactive
     Rest Easy                Software Creations     Team Infinity
     Team 17 Software Ltd.    Techtonics             Technation Digital World
     Teque London Ltd.        Thrustmaster           American Laser Masters
     Tengen                   Eclipse                Zeppelin Games
     Infogames(?)             Natsume(?)             iThink, Inc.
     Time/Warner Interactive  Acid Software          20th Century Fox Int.
     Alfaro Corporation Ltd.  B.S.A.                 Bando Svenska AB
     Beris                    Bitmotion Software     Bizzare Computing
     Brandlewood Computers Ltd.                      Cannonball Software
     Celebrity Systems Inc.   Condor Software        Cross Products Ltd.
     DAP Developments         Data Design            Denton Designs Ltd.
     Diskimage                Electro Brain Corp.    Electrom
     Extreme                  Factor 5               Flair Software Ltd.
     Frankenstein Software    Funcom Productions     Human Soft Ltd.
     JVC Musical Industries Inc.                     Kungariket Multimedia
     Lost in Time Software    Malibu Interactive     Michton Inc.
     Media Technology Scandinavia                    Merit Industries Inc.
     Miracle Designs          Nebulous Games         Neon-Buttner
     i-SPACE                  Network 23 Software    NMS Software Ltd.
     Odyssey Software Inc.    Orion Technologies     Phobyx
     Rage Software Ltd.       Rainmaker Software     Riedel Software Prod.
     Scangames Interactive    Wave Quest Inc.        4Play
     Selgus Limited           Shadowsoft Inc.        Sigma Designs
     Sinister Development     Soft Enterprises       Softgold Gmbh
     Software 2000            Software Development Systems
     Tantalus Entertainment

   Also, Atari Games/Tengen has licensed the Jaguar architecture for use in
   future arcade games.  Sigma Designs is developing a Jaguar card for IBM
   PCs and compatables that runs Jaguar CD software, and acts as a ReelMagic 
   MPEG card.  The card is expected to be released by the end of 1994.

==============================================================================
 
Q. What are all of the current Jaguar games available in the United States?
 
A. Current Jaguar Games List:
 
   Title              Players  Publisher      Type
   -----------------  -------  ------------   ---------------------------
|  Alien vs. Predator    1     Atari          Action/Adventure
   Brutal Sports        1-2    Telegames      Sports
     Football
   Crescent Galaxy       1     Atari          Shooter
   Cybermorph            1     Atari          Action/Strategy
   Evolution:Dino Dudes  1     Atari          Puzzle/Strategy
   Raiden               1-2    Atari          Arcade
   Tempest 2000         1-2    Atari          Action/Arcade
   Wolfenstein 3D        1     Atari          Action/Adventure

==============================================================================

Q. What are the upcoming Jaguar games?

A: Note: These lists are hardly definitive.  They're based on many sources,
   and in some cases, might be dead wrong.  Games also often change from
   pre-release to production.

   Upcoming Jaguar cartridge games (? = Uncertain entry):

   Title              Players  Publisher      Type
   -----------------  -------  ------------   ---------------------------
   Aero the Acro-Bat    1-2    Sunsoft        Action/Platform
|  Air Cars             1-8    Midnite Sw     Sports/Driving
   Al Michaels          1-2    Accolade/Atari Sports
     Announces Hardball
   Alone in the Dark     1?    Infogames(?)   Adventure
   American Football    1-2    Park Place     Sports
   Another World         1     Interplay      Action/Strategy
   Apeshit              1-2    Ocean          Action/Platform
|  Arena Football       1-2    V-Reel Prod.   Sports
|    League
   Assault: Covert Ops  1-2?   Midnite Sw     Action
   Bases Loaded         1-2    Jaleco         Sports
   Batman: The           1?    Atari?         Action?
     Animated Series
|  Battle Sphere        1-16   4Play          Action/Shooter
   Battlewheels 2       1-2?   Beyond Games   Action
   Battlezone 2000       1     Atari          Action/Arcade
   Burn-Out             1-2?   Virtual Exp.   Action/Sports
|  Bugs Bunny's Cartoon  1?    Sunsoft        Action
|    Capers
   Cannon Fodder        1-2?   Virgin         Action
   Casino Royale        1-2?   Telegames      Strategy
   Center Court Tennis  1-2    Zeppelin       Sports
|  Checkered Flag        1     Atari          Sports
   Cheesy                1?    Ocean            ?
   Cisco Heat            1     Jaleco         Driving/Arcade
   Clay Fighters(?)     1-2    Interplay      Action/Fighting
   Club Drive            1?    Atari          Action/Strategy
   Commando              1     Microids       Action/Strategy
   'Dactyl Joust         1?    Atari          Action/Arcade?
   Defender 2000        1-2?   Atari          Action/Arcade
   Demolition Man        1?    Virgin         Action/Shooting
   Dino Dudes 2          1     Atari          Puzzle/Strategy
   Doom: Evil Unleashed 1-4    id Software    Action/Adventure
   Double Dragon V:     1-2    Tradewest      Action/Fighting
     The Shadow Falls
   Dungeon Depths        1     Midnite Sw     Adventure
   Dragon               1-2?   Virgin         Action/Fighting
   Droppings             1?    Delta Music      ?
   European Soccer      1-2    Telegames      Sports
     Challenge
   Extreme Skiing/      1-2?   Loriciel USA   Sports
     Showboarding
   F-1 Racer            1-2?   Domark         Sports
   Falcon(?)             1     S. Holobyte    Simulator
|  Fight For Life       1-2    Atari          Action/Fighting
   Galactic Gladiators  1-2    Photosur.      Action/Strategy
   Graham Gooch's World 1-2?   Telegames      Sports
     Class Cricket
   Grand Prix            1?    Microprose     Sports
   Gunship 2000          1     Microprose     Action/Strategy
|  Hyper Force          1-2?   Visual Impact    ?
   Hosenose and Booger  1-2?   All Systems Go Platform
   Indiana Jag           1     Virtual Exp.   Action/Platform
   Iron Soldier          1     Atari          Action/Shooter
   James Pond 2          1     Telegames      Platform
   James Pond 3          1     Millenium      Platform
   Kasumi Ninja         1-2    Atari          Action/Fighting
   Kick Off 3           1-2    Anco Software  Sports
   Legions of the        1?    Atari          Action/Adventure
     Undead
   Lester the Unlikely   1     DTMC           Action/Strategy
|  Lifewire              1?    Black Scorpion   ?
   Lobo                  1?    Ocean          Action?
   Mortal Kombat(?)     1-2    WMS Ind.(?)    Arcade/Fighting
   Mortal Kombat II(?)  1-2    WMS Ind.       Arcade/Fighting
   Mountain Sports      1-2    DTMC           Action/Sports
|  Navy Commando        1-2?   Microids       Action?
   Nanoterror            1?    Delta Music      ?
   Nerves of Steel       1?    Rainmaker      Action?
   Neurodancer           1?    PIXIS Int.     Adventure?
   Pinball Dreams       1-2?   21st Century   Action
   Pitfall Harry         1     Activision     Action
   Powerslide            1?    Elite/Telegame Action/Driving
   Quake                 1     id Software    Action/Adventure
|  Rage Rally            1     Rage           Action/Driving
   Rainbow Warrior       1?    3D Games       Action?
   Rayman                1?    UBI Soft Int.  Action/Platform
   Rise of the Robots    1     Time/Warner    Action/Adventure
   Robotron:2084        1-2    Atari          Action/Arcade
   Ruiner               1-2?   High Voltage   Action/Pinball
   Soccer Kid            1?    Krisalis/Ocean Platform
   Space War            1-2    Atari          Action
|  Star Raiders 2000     1?    Atari          Action
   Super Off-Road       1-2    Tradewest      Arcade/Driving
|  Syndicate             1     Ocean/Bullfrog Action/Adventure
|  Theme Park            1     Ocean/Bullfrog Simulation
   Tiny Toon            1-2?   Atari          Platform
     Adventures
   Troy Aikman NFL      1-2    Tradewest      Sports
     Football
   Twin Crystals         1?    Sinister Dev.    ?
   Ultimate Brain Games 1-2?   Telegames      Puzzle
   Ultra Vortex         1-2    Beyond Games   Action/Fighting
|  Val D'Isere Skiing   1-2?   Atari          Sports
|    and Snowboarding
   Valus Force          1-2?     ?              ?
   Virtuoso              1?    Telegames      Action
   Virtual Warriors     1-2    Rainmaker      Action/Fighting
   Warlock               1?    Trimark Int.   Adventure?
   White Men Can't      1-2    Trimark Int.   Sports
     Jump
   World Cup            1-2?   Anco Software  Sports
   Zzyorxx II            1?    Virtual Exp.   Action/Shooter
   Zool 2               1-2?   Gremlin        Platform

   Upcoming Jaguar CD-ROM games:
 
   Title              Players  Publisher      Type
   -----------------  -------  ------------   ---------------------------
   Barkley: Shut Up     1-2    Accolade/Atari Sports
     and Jam!
   Battlechess          1-2    Interplay      Strategy
   Battlemorph:          1     Atari          Action/Strategy
     Cybermorph 2
   B.I.O.S.-Fear        1-2?   All Systems Go   ?
   Blue Lightning        1     Atari          Action
   Braindead 13          1?      ?              ?
   Brett Hull Hockey    1-2?   Accolade/Atari Sports
   Bubsy in Claws        1     Accolade/Atari Platform
     Encounters of the
     Furred Kind
   Chaos Agenda          1?    Atari          Adventure?
   Creature Shock        1     Virgin         Action?
|  Crime Patrol          1     American Laser Adventure?
   Demolition Man        1     Virgin         Action
   Dracula the Undead    1     Atari          Adventure
   Dragon's Lair         1     ReadySoft      Arcade
   Dragon's Lair II      1     ReadySoft      Arcade
|  Dreadnought           1     Atari          Strategy/Simulator
   Evidence              1     Microids       Action/Adventure
   Flashback             1     U.S. Gold      Action/Adventure
   Freelancer 2120       1     Imagitec       Action/Adventure
   Hammerhead            1?    Rebellion      Flight/Simulator
   Highlander            1     Atari          Adventure
   Horrorscope           1?    V-Reel Prod.   Action/Fighting
   Jack Nichlaus'       1-2?   Accolade/Atari Sports
     Cyber Golf
   Legions of the        1?    Atari          Adventure
     Undead (expanded from cartridge version)
|  Little Devil          1     Gremlin Grph.  Adventure?
   Mad Dog McCree        1     American Laser Arcade
   Return to Zork        1     Activision     Adventure
   Robinson's Requiem    1?    Silmarils      Adventure
   Space Ace             1     ReadySoft      Arcade
   Space Pirates         1?    Atari          Action/Adventure
   Starnet               1     Virtual Exp.   Adventure
   Star Trek: The Next   1     Microprose     Adventure
     Generation(?)
   Varuna's Forces       1?    Accent Media     ?

==============================================================================
 
Q. What other Jaguar products are worth noting?
 
A: All Systems Go is working on the "Jukebox".  This hardware device plugs in
   to the Jaguar's cartridge port, and holds a number of game cartridges at
   once.  You can then select between them without needing to manually change
   cartridges each time.  Multiple Jukeboxes can be connected to store/select
   more games at once.  Release date is expected to be December 1994, with a
   price of $49.95 for each Jukebox.
 
   All Systems Go also has the "Control Station" in the works.  This device
   plugs into the Jaguar controller ports and allows games to be played by
   infrared remote.  The Station will also allow controller enhancements, such
   as slow motion and rapid fire, and come with a universal remote controller
   for the TV, VCR, and other devices.  Expected release date is early 1995.
   No price is available at this time.
 
   Atari Corp. is developing a voice modem to allow multiplayer Jaguar games
   over telephone lines.  Developed by Phylon Communications, the modem allows
   players to speak to each other over included stereo headsets while playing.
   Communications at 9600 baud.  Estimated time of availability is Christmas
   1994.  Suggested price is under $100.

|  ICD and Black Cat Design have announced plans to sell the "CatBox+", an
   interface adaptor.  The CatBox+ measures 6 x 2.5 x 1.25 inches, and provides
   industry-standard S-Video, composite video, left and right audio out, stereo
|  headphones with amplification and volume control, analog RGB video, RS-232,
   ComLynx, a pass-through DSP port, and differential pair networking with
   standard RJ-11 phone wiring.  This allows Jaguar networks to be set up with
|  units up to 300 feet apart.  The CatBox+ are expected to ship by December 
   1994 for $69.95.  ICD is taking advance orders now and can be reached at 
   (815) 968-2228.

   MARS Merchandising sells the "JagDapter", which provides Composite video, 
   stereo sound, split composite, RGB, and S-Video outputs.  Price is $49.95
   and it is now shipping.  MARS can be reached at (708) 627-7462.

   Thrustmaster is manufacturing a combination steering wheel/pedal for Jaguar
   driving games, and a flying yoke for flying games.  No prices or 
   tentative release date are known. 
 
   Victor Maxx has Cybermaxx, a virtual reality helmet.  It works with the
   IBM PC primarily, but will also work with the Apple Macintosh, Sega
   Genesis, and Super Nintendo if supported in the games software.  The helmet
   provides 62 degrees of vision and tracks the player's head movements.  It
   weighs one pound, includes stereo sound, and doubles as a video display.
   Units cost $700 and include three IBM PC games and a VCR tape.  Sales start
   in September 1994 in New York City, San Francisco, and Chicago.

|  Atari Corp. and Virtuality Group have signed an agreement to develop
|  virtual reality hardware and software for the Jaguar.  The companies plan
|  to have a virtual reality headset available by the end of 1995 for $200.
|  It is unknown whether or not Virtuality Group's arcade games will be ported
|  to the Jaguar, or whether new software will be developed.

==============================================================================
  
Q. Where can I get a review and/or comments about <insert game name here>?
 
A: Nick Paiement runs a database that records ratings for Jaguar games.  The
   ratings are provided by players, and average/high/low results are 
   calculated by Nick.  The results and "ballots" are posted regularly to the
   USENET newsgroup rec.games.video.atari.  Or, send electronic mail to 
   paien00@dmi.usherb.ca with the subject "get_jaguar" for full details.

   Spacetec is working on the "Space Player," a controller that is reported to
   offer six degrees of movement (up, down, left, right, in and out).

==============================================================================
  
Q. Where can I find secrets, tips, and hints for <insert game name here>?
  
A. Mark Perreira maintains the Jaguar FAC (Frequently-Asked Codes) file,
   which contains tricks and codes to assorted Jaguar games.  If you have a
   new secret, or want a copy of the file, send e-mail to markp@netcom.com.
 
   Atari Corp.  has established a game tip hotline, at (900) 737-ATARI (2827).
   The cost is $0.95 per minute; minors should get their parent's permission.
 
==============================================================================
 
Q. Agh!  My Jaguar is broken!  How can I fix it?
 
A. Send your Jaguar (all components, if possible) to:
 
                             Jaguar Repair Service
                             Atari Computer Corporation
                             390 Caribbean Drive
                             Sunnyvale, CA  94088
 
   Include a letter of explaination indicating the problem you have.
   Depending on available supplies, Atari will repair or replace your Jaguar.
   If your Jaguar is still under warranty, include a copy of the receipt or
   credit-card bill and it will be performed for free.  Otherwise, you will
   be billed.  Estimated time of replacement/repair is three to four weeks.
 
==============================================================================
 
Q. How can I reach Atari Corp.?
 
A. Customer Service:         (800) GO-ATARI  (800-462-8274)
                             9:00am to 5:00pm PST, Monday-Friday

|  Customer Service can also be reached on GEnie as "Atari," or on the
|  Internet as "atari@genie.geis.com".  PLEASE NOTE that this is for Customer
|  Service ONLY; do not send electronic mail to that address if it does not
|  pertain to service problems.

   Mailing Address:          Atari Corp.
                             1196 Borregas Avenue
                             Sunnyvale, CA  94089-1302

   Atari UK can be reached at
                             Atari House
                             Railway Terrace
                             Slough, Berkshire
                             SL2 SBZ, England
                             Telephone: 0753 533344
                             FAX:       0753 822914

==============================================================================
 
Q. Where can I get other information about the Jaguar?
 
A. Publications:
 
   - Die Hard Game Fan               General video-gaming magazine with some
     18612 Ventura Blvd.             Jaguar coverage.
     Tarzana, CA 91356
 
   - Electronic Gaming Monthly       General video-gaming magazine with
     1920 Highland Avenue            some Jaguar coverage.
     Suite 222
     Lombard, IL 60148
 
   - GamePro                         General video-gaming magazine with
     951 Mariner's Island Blvd.      some Jaguar coverage.
     San Mateo, CA 91202

   - Instant Replay                  Newsletter devoted to the Jaguar, with
     7570 South Manor Avenue         news and reviews.  Write to Frank Eva
     Oak Creek, WI 53154             for more information.
 
   - Video Games                     General video-gaming magazine with
     9171 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 300  some Jaguar coverage.
     Beverly Hills, CA 90210
 
 
   Internet/USENET newsgroups and services:
 
   - Atari Explorer Online Magazine
 
       A bi-weekly electronic magazine covering news on Atari computers and
       video game systems.  Subscriptions are available through the Internet;
       send electronic mail to stzmagazine-request@virginia.edu.  Also see
       the section on Internet FTP sites.

   - rec.games.video.atari

       USENET newsgroup.  Contains news of all Atari video-game systems.
 
   - Jaguar electronic mailing list:
 
       To subscribe, send e-mail to "listserv@ctrc.idde.saci.org".  In the
       text of the letter, have a line that reads "subscribe jaguar-l
       <first-name> <last-name>", where <first-name> and <last-name> are your
       first name and last name, respectively.  Once you are on the list,
       send messages to "jaguar-l@ctrc.idde.saci.org"; everyone on the list
       will receive a copy of your message.

|  - World-Wide Web
|      For Internet users with access to the World-Wide Web (WWW), Nils 
|      Jacobsen has a WWW page at http://bert.cs.byu.edu/~jaguar/.  The pages
|      include game descriptions, screen shots, and all sorts of other Jaguar-
|      related goodies for your browsing pleasure.


   Internet FTP sites:
 
   - ftp.netcom.com
 
       /pub/vidgames/faqs  Frequently-asked question files for a variety of
                           home games and consoles, arcade titles, and other
                           video-gaming information.  Includes the latest
                           version of this FAQ file.

   - rahul.net
 
       /pub/wilsont/AEO    Includes the latest copies of Atari Explorer 
                           Online Magazine.


   Internet TELNET site:
 
   - Cleveland Free-Net Atari SIG
 
       freenet-in-{a,b,c}.cwru.edu or 129.22.8.51 or nextsun.INS.CWRU.edu
       Access via modem at (216) 368-3888.
 
       You can log on as visitor to explore the system and apply for a
       Free-Net account online.  At the opening menu, enter "2" to log in as a
       visitor.  At the next menu, enter "2" again to explore the system.  You
       will then read an opening disclaimer and a login bulletin, then be sent
       to the main menu.  Once inside, type "go atari".  Follow the menus to
       read discussions, reviews, news, and information.  In order to post
       messages and send e-mail, you need a Free-Net account.  Apply for a
       Free-Net account by entering "1" at the second menu instead of "2".
 
 
   BBS:
 
   - Video Game Information Service.
 
       (201) 509-7324, 300/1200/2400/9600/14400 bps. Multiple lines
 
       Located in West Orange, New Jersy (USA).  The BBS is completely
       dedicated to video gaming, and maintains files of cheats and reviews
       for all game systems.  Carries video-game-related conferences from
       other computer networks, including Fidonet, Worldnet, and Globalnet.
 
 
   On-line services:
 
   - GEnie
 
       Registered developers can join the Independent Association of Jaguar
       Developers (IAJD) on the GEnie computer network.  Membership in the
       IAJD is limited to Jaguar developers registered with Atari Corp.  To
       apply for membership, send e-mail to ENTRY$ on GEnie.
 
   - CompuServe
 
       The Video Games Forum provides a section dedicated exclusively to the 
       Atari Jaguar where players, industry representatives, and magazine 
       writers and editors exchange information and commentary.  Game 
       designers and developers participate in the forum's Designer's Den 
       area, and have access to a private area offering updates of Jaguar
       development tools.  To access the Video Games Forum, GO VIDGAM.  To
       access the Atari-specific video game forum, type GO ATARIGAM.

==============================================================================

Q. How is development for the Jaguar done?

A. Jaguar game development environments exist for the Atari TT030 computer or
   an IBM PC/compatible.  Art development can be performed on any machine,
   whether a low-end Apple Macintosh or commercial rendering software such as
   SoftImage.  Wavefront's "GameWare" is the official 2D/3D graphics
   development system; Atari itself uses GameWare for in-company development,
   and registered third-party Jaguar developers can buy GameWare licenses at 
   special discount prices.

   Estimated price for a developer's package is $9,000 for the TT030 setup,
   and $7,500 for the PC/compatible platform.  The package includes a Jaguar
   development unit, documentation, and development/debugging software.
   The Jaguar has modified boot firmware to run the development board (the
   "Alpine board"), and it has a cable coming out to provide signals to the
   Alpine board that are not normally present via the cartridge connector.

   CD-ROM developement packages (including the cartridge development kit) is 
   ranged at about $8,000, and should be upgradeable from the card-only kit.

   Software routines packaged with the system include a multi-channel
   polyphonic FM/Wavetable synth; JPEG decompression; video set-up; drawing
   primitives; 3D rendering with gourad shading, texture mapping, and camera
   manipulation.

   The centerpiece of the TT030 deveopment platform is DB, an assembly-
   language level debugging tool.  The Jaguar and the TT030 are connected with
   a parallel cable, and software can be debugged interactively without
   interfering with the Jaguar's screen display.  DB supports the use of
   scripts and aliases, which simplifies the use of complex or common
   functions.  Also included is a new version of the well-known MAC-65 macro
   assembler for 68000 and RISC code assembly.

   Atari grants final code approval, but does not see the need to "censor"
   games.  Every game is given one man-month of compatibility and quality
   testing before it is approved.  Atari offers technical support via FAX,
   mail, electronic mail and voice.  Atari allows developers to source their
   own cartridges, documentation and shells if desired.  Jaguar software is
   encrypted with a proprietary key, thus preventing unauthorized developers
   from releasing Jaguar software.

   Interested developers should contact Bill Rehbock at (408) 745-2088.
   Include: Company name, mailing address, phone number, fax number, and brief
   company/personal background relating to software development.  Due to the
   high volume of inquires, information kits are prioritized according to
   background (SNES/Genesis/Computer) of previous titles developed.  Atari
   will approve developers only if they are convinced that the developer is 
   serious about releasing software.  After the non-disclosure agreement is 
   signed, an approved developer can get the technical specs alone for $300.
 
   Cross Products (SNASM) offers an alternative Jaguar Development system.  It
   comes with a multiwindowed debugger, assemblers, compilers, and SCSI 
   support, for approximately $3,700.  The package allows for full screen, 
   source level debugging of multiple processors, in C or assembler.  This is 
   only software for the IBM PC; the Jaguar development hardware (Alpine 
   board, modified Jaguar, etc.) must be purchased separately from Atari, for a
   price of $5,500.
 
   Cross Products can be reached at
                             Cross Products
                             23 The Calls
                             Leeds
                             LS2 7EH, England
                             Telephone: 0532 429814
                             FAX:       0532 426163
                             BBS:       0532 340420
                             Internet e-Mail: cross@cix.compulink.co.uk

==============================================================================
